Monetisation factors for True Pricing

2025

Monetisation factors are key to true cost accounting and true pricing. They are the monetary values we use for true pricing of CO2 emissions, water use, soil degradation, land use change, underpayment and labour and human rights violations.

True Price has, over the past 11 years, developed the principles and methodology to monetise a wide set of social and environmental costs. This document provides the latest open access version of the monetisation factors developed by True Price, with the aim to facilitate the adoption and application of true pricing, fill a gap in the literature and accelerate standardisation. For the first time, the monetisation factors are also available as a downloadable data file and as calculation trees, in addition to the full report. The monetisation factors are the backbone of the true price methodology, powering studies such as the UN Food Systems Summit’s The True Cost and True Price of Food report and the Rockefeller Foundation’s True Cost of Food report. It provides monetisation factors for 10 environmental and 10 social true price impacts and their footprint indicators and sub-indicators, along with an explanation of the interpretation and sources.

True Price strives to make its monetisation database scientifically and normatively sound, comprehensive and applicable. The Principles for True Pricing provide the foundation for our methodology. We also publish Natural Capital and Social Capital Impact Modules for True Price Assessment, which provide detailed justification of the monetisation factors and further explanation on how to use them. Finally, the Assessment method provides steps and requirements for calculating true prices.

Version 4.0.2 (2025) – November 2025

Key updates include:

Climate change: adoption of the social cost of carbon, increasing the value to €312 per tonne of CO₂
Child labour: integration of the new child labour monetisation method
Updated currency conversion factors for greater consistency

Download the full 2025 Monetisation Factors for True Pricing report.

Download the full document

Access our open data repository (.xlsx version of the monetisation factors).

Access open data repository